Dyslexia is typically characterised by difficulties with reading, spelling, short-term memory and phonological awareness.
Here is a useful video from the British Dyslexia Association that provides more information.
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The current definition of dyslexia is as follows:
“Dyslexia is primarily a set of processing difficulties that affect the acquisition of reading and spelling. In dyslexia, some or all aspects of literacy attainment are weak in relation to age, standard teaching and instruction, and level of other attainments.
Across languages and age groups, difficulties in reading and spelling fluency are a key marker of dyslexia. The nature and developmental trajectory of dyslexia depends on multiple genetic and environmental influences. Dyslexic difficulties exist on a continuum and can be experienced to various degrees of severity.
Dyslexia can affect the acquisition of other skills, such as mathematics, reading comprehension or learning another language. The most commonly observed cognitive impairment in dyslexia is a difficulty in phonological processing (i.e. in phonological awareness, phonological processing speed or phonological memory). However, phonological difficulties do not fully explain the variability that is observed.
Working memory, orthographic skills and processing speed problems can contribute to the impact of dyslexia and therefore should be assessed. Dyslexia frequently co-occurs with one or more other developmental difficulty, including developmental language disorder, dyscalculia, ADHD, and developmental coordination disorder.” (Carroll, J., Holden, C., Kirby, P., Snowling, M. J., & Thompson, P.A., 2024)
We've included links to some other organisations who can provide information and support here.
Lumen Support Ltd. 2024
Company number 15106780
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